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Ancient Indus civilization articles which can be downloaded and read as PDF files from this site.

New Evidence for Early Silk in the Indus Civilization

  • New Evidence for Early Silk in the Indus Civilization
Irene Good

Recent work at Harappa by the Harappa Archaeological Research Project shows that a new study of artifacts recovered from the 1999 and 2000 seasons at the site has revealed the presence of silk. >

Women in Ancient Sindh: Bronze Age Figurines of the Indus Valley Civilization

Paolo Biagi

In this 2004 article from the quarterly publication Sindh Watch, Paolo Biagi synthesizes the evidence of female clay figurines from Bronze Age sites in the Indus Valley to highlight the social and cultural roles of women in that society. He draws on earlier evidence from the neolithic site of Mehrgarh, in Balochistan, as well as that from mature Harappan sites like Mohenjodaro and Harappa. Based on this analysis he offers the insights into the role of women as depicted in the figurines. >

Manufacturing and trade of Asian elephant ivory in Bronze Age Middle Asia. Evidence from Gonur Depe (Margiana, Turkmenistan)

Dennys Frenez

An exceptionally interesting paper that traces the path of ivory carving from the ancient Indus civilization up north to Gonur Depe in southern Turkmenistan, north of Afghanistan. It shows how complicated it is to ascribe provenance of things to a place, or to some other more complex, and revealing… >

Exploiting mangroves: Environmental changes and human interference along the northern coast of the Arabian Sea (Pakistan) during the Holocene

Paolo Biagi

This paper reviews the work done since the early 1970s east of Karachi along the Makran coast, containing what were once extensive mangrove areas (where salt and fresh water meet to create unique habitats). >

A "Priest-King" at Shahr-i Sokhta?

  • Conjectural graphic reconstruction of the likely original setting of the Zahedan torso as a Priest King
Massimo Vidale

"A small showcase of the Zahedan Museum keeps, among other finds, the fragmentary headless torso of a small statuette in a buff-grey limestone, with a strongly weathered surface. Without opening the showcase, I was allowed to take several pictures of the fragment, from various angles," writes the author. >

New evidence for early 4th millennium BP agriculture in the Western Himalayas: Qasim Bagh, Kashmir

Michael Spate

"The valleys of Kashmir and Swat in the Western Himalayan-Hindu Kush regions of India and Pakistan are home to an important prehistoric cultural complex beginning at around 5000 BP, loosely grouped as the “Northern Neolithic” (Coningham and Young, 2015), especially characterised by a rich agricultural tradition." >

Mining Bronze Age Stone Resources: Some examples from the Caucasus (Georgia) and Sindh (Pakistan)

Paolo Biagi

Archaeologists often assume that metals like bronze replaced the need for stone tools, but is this really the case given the evidence in these two areas not to mention select Mediterranean regions? In the Indus region, what was the use of these tools given their limited presence in Mohenjo-daro and Harappa? >

Markers and agencies of anisotropy in the Indus sign system

M. V. Bhaskar

"This paper reports a broad range of new observations about sign behaviour in relation to and independently of animal behaviour on Indus seal-impressions," writes the author. >

Faking it? X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Beads from Kotada Badli Reveals Evidence for Imitation Steatite in Harappan Gujarat

  • Four Small White Beads from Kotada Bhadli and their XRD Spectra
Brad Chase

An intriguing article in the way it creates multiple openings in thinking about ancient Indus society. The subject is a set of three of four beads found at a rural "Sorath Harappan" site (2300-1900 BCE) in Gujarat. >

New Discoveries of Mesolithic sites in the Thar Desert (Upper Sindh, Pakistan)

Paolo Biagi

The Mesolithic sites discovered during recent surveys carried out by the ‘Joint Rohri Hills Project’ (Biagi & Shaikh 1994) in the Thari District of Upper Sindh. >

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Articles by Subject (48)
  • Agriculture
  • Animals
  • Archaeological History
  • Archaeologists
  • Architecture
  • Beads
  • Cemeteries and Burials
  • Ceramics
  • Crafts
  • Culture
  • Decline
  • Dilmun
  • Environment
  • Evolution
  • Excavations
  • Figurines
  • Fishing
  • Flint
  • Food
  • Games
  • Gender
  • Harappa
  • Kulli Culture
  • Manufacture
  • Mesolithic Period
  • Music
  • Nal
  • Natural Resources
  • Neolithic
  • New Discoveries
  • Ornaments
  • Pottery
  • Raw Materials
  • Religion
  • Rock Art
  • Script
  • Seals
  • Steatite
  • Stoneware
  • Technology
  • Textiles
  • Tools
  • Toys
  • Trade
  • Unicorn
  • Urbanism
  • Water
  • Writing
Articles by Place (54)
  • Afghanistan
  • Ahar Banas [Rajasthan]
  • Allahdino
  • Amri
  • Arabia
  • Bagasra
  • Balakot
  • Balathal
  • Balochistan
  • Binjor
  • BMAC
  • Central Asia
  • Chanhu-daro
  • Dholavira
  • Dilmun
  • Dilmun (Bahrain)
  • Farmana
  • Gujarat
  • Halil Rud
  • Harappa
  • Haryana
  • Iran
  • Kalibangan
  • Karanpura
  • Kashmir
  • Khambat
  • KPK (NWFP)
  • Lakhan Jo Daro
  • Lothal
  • Madhya Pradesh
  • Margiana
  • Mehrgarh
  • Mesopotamia
  • Mitathal
  • Mohenjo-daro
  • Mundigak
  • Oman
  • Oxus
  • Pak
  • Punjab
  • Rajasthan
  • Rakigarhi
  • Rohri Mines
  • Rojdi
  • Sanauli
  • Shahr-i Sokhta
  • Shikarpur
  • Shortugai
  • Sindh
  • Sonari
  • Sutkagen Dor
  • Tamil Nadu
  • Trade
  • Uttar Pradesh
Articles by Author (300)
  • Alam, Iqtedar
  • Khan, F. A.
  • Abe, Yoshinari
  • Adhikari, Ronojoy
  • Ajithprasad, P.
  • Al-Jahwari, Nasser S.
  • Ameri, Marta
  • Amundson, Ronald
  • Arbuckle, Benjamin S.
  • Aruz, Joan
  • Ashraf, Md. Izhar
  • Atturu, Deva
  • Baidya, Abu Saeed
  • Bakry, A.
  • Balakrishnan, R.
  • Balasubramaniam, Chitra
  • Balista, Claudio
  • Baqri, Syed Rafiqul Hassan
  • Barba, Federica
  • Basak, Shubjam
  • Bates, Jennifer
  • Beaubien, Harriet F.
  • Beaudry, Marilyn P.
  • Belcher, Wayne R.
  • Belcher, William R.
  • Betts, Alison
  • Bhan, Kuldeep
  • Bhaskar, M. V.
  • Bhattacharya, Ujjwal
  • Biagi, Paolo
  • Blevins, K. Elaine
  • Bolger, Diane
  • Bondioli, Luca
  • Bosch, David
  • Bosch, Leslie
  • Bryson, Reid A.
  • Burton, James H.
  • Buylaert, Jan-Pieter
  • Cable, Charlotte M.
  • Cárdenas, Marc
  • Carter, Alison
  • Carter, Andrew
  • Carter, R. A.
  • Carter, Savannah
  • Caspers, Elisabeth C.L. During
  • Cattani, Maurizio
  • Ceccarelli, Alessandro
  • Chakrabarti, Dilip K.
  • Chase, Brad
  • Chatterjee, Malavika
  • Chattopadhyay, Pranab K.
  • Choi, Jungwoo
  • Clark, J. Desmond
  • Clark, Sharri R.
  • Conesa, Francesc C.
  • Coningham, Robin
  • Coppa, Alfredo
  • Cork, Edward
  • Cortesi, E.
  • Cox, Brett
  • Craig, Oliver E.
  • Cremaschi, Mauro
  • Cubas, Miriam
  • Dales, George F.
  • Dangi, Vivek
  • Daniell, Rachel
  • Dave, Vasant
  • David-Cuny, Helene
  • Davis, Mary A.
  • Decaix, Alexia
  • Densmore, Alexander L.
  • Desset, Francois
  • Didier, Aurore
  • Dixit, Vaishnavi
  • Dixit, Yama
  • Douglas, Khaled A.
  • Dubova, Nadezhda A.
  • Dupree, Louis
  • Esposti, Michele Degli
  • Fantuzzi, Tiziano
  • Franco, Carlo
  • Franke, Ute
  • French, Charly A. I.
  • Frenez, Dennys
  • Fuller, Dorian Q.
  • Gadekar, Charusmita
  • Garbe, Lisa
  • Garcia, Arnau
  • García-Granero, Juan José
  • Garrett, Zenobie S.
  • Gasparotto, Giorgio
  • Ghauri, Zubair Shafi
  • Giesche, Alena
  • Giosan, Liviu
  • Girod, Alberto
  • Glascock, Michael D.
  • Good, Irene
  • Gray, Kelsey
  • Green, Adam S.
  • Jade d'Alpoim Guedes
  • Guha, Sudeshna
  • Guida, Giuseppe
  • Gupta, Ekta
  • Gupta, Sanjeev
  • Haerinck, Ernie
  • Haider, Romana
  • Haquet, Jerome F.
  • Hemphill, Brian E.
  • Henny, A. S.
  • Heron, Carl P.
  • Hesein, Mohammed
  • Heydari, M.
  • Higham, T.
  • Hobbs, Franklin
  • Hoddell, David A.
  • Hoffman, Brett C.
  • Hong, Jong Ha
  • Hritz, Carrie
  • Hussain, Nushrat
  • Jadhav, Nilesh
  • Jain, Mayank
  • Jain, Vikrant
  • James, Nathaniel
  • Jamison, Gregg M.
  • Jarrige, Jean-François
  • Jogelkar, P. P.
  • Joglekar, Hrishikesh
  • Jones, Penelope J.
  • Kamenov, George D.
  • Kashyap, Arunima
  • Kazi, M. Mukhtiar
  • Kennedy, K.A.R.
  • Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark
  • Khan, Aurangzeb
  • Kim, Yong Jun
  • Kimbrough, C. K.
  • Kingwell-Banham, Eleanor
  • Knox, J. Robert
  • Krigbaum, John
  • Krishnan, K.
  • Kumar, Manmohan
  • Lancelotti, Carla
  • Laursen, Steffen Terp
  • Law, Randall
  • Lazzari, A.
  • Leach, Alexandra
  • Lee, , W. J.
  • Lemmen, Carsten
  • Lentz, David L.
  • Lightfoot, E.
  • Lombardo, Giovanni
  • Lovell, Nancy
  • Lukacs, John R.
  • Mackay, Dorothy
  • Mackay, Ernest
  • Madella, Marco
  • Mahadevan, Iravatham
  • Mahajan, Sangeeta
  • Majid, Jaseera C.
  • Malik, Arun
  • Mandal, D.
  • Manjul, Arvin
  • Manjul, Sanjay Kumar
  • Manuel, Mark
  • Mariottini, Maurizio
  • Mark, Darren F.
  • Mason, Philippa J.
  • Mazuy, Arnaud
  • Meadow, Richard H.
  • Meiggs, David
  • Mery, Sophie
  • Michniak, Ryszard
  • Mille, Benoit
  • Miller, Heather M.L.
  • Miller, Heidi J.
  • Mishra, Vimal
  • Misra, V. D.
  • Misra, V. N.
  • Mitra, Debasis
  • Mohanty, R. K.
  • Moraleda-Cibrián, Nuria
  • Moulherat, Christophe
  • Mughal, M. Rafique
  • Mukhopadhyay, Bahata Ansumali
  • Muller, Wolfgang
  • Munshi, Avadreep
  • Murray, Andrew S.
  • Mushrif-Tripathy, V.
  • Mutin, Benjamin
  • Nakai, Izumi
  • Narasimhan, Vagheesh M
  • Nava, Allessia
  • Negrino, Fabio
  • Neumayer, Erwin
  • News, Dawn
  • Nisbet, Renato
  • T. C. O'Connell
  • Tamsin C. O'Connell
  • Oh, Chang Seok
  • Oldijam, Eric
  • Orengo, Hector A.
  • Otarola-Castillo, Erik
  • Pal, Dipak C.
  • Pal, J.N.
  • Pandey, Lalit
  • Panyam, Amrithavalli
  • Parikh, Danika
  • Parpola, Asko
  • Patel, Ambika
  • Patterson, Nick J
  • Paul, Debajyoti
  • Pendall, Elise
  • Petrie, Cameron A.
  • Pisan, Alessandra
  • Possehl, Gregory L.
  • Prabhakar, V. N.
  • Pracejus, Bernhard
  • Price, T. Douglas
  • Priori, Gianfranco
  • Quinn, P. S.
  • Quivron, Gonzague
  • Raczek, Teresa R.
  • Rahmstorf, Lorenz
  • Rajagopalan, Balaji
  • Rajesh, S.V.
  • Rao, Rajesh P. N.
  • Ratnagar, Shereen
  • Reade, Julian
  • Reddy, Seetha N.
  • Regert, Martine
  • Rizvi, Uzma Z.
  • Robinson, Andrew
  • Rogersdotter, Elke
  • Roux, P. le
  • Salvatori, Sandro
  • Sankhyan, A. R.
  • Schug, Gwen Robbins
  • Schug, Malcolm
  • Schuldenrein, Joseph
  • Sengupta, Shamashis
  • Sharma, Bhanu Prakash
  • Sharma, G.R.
  • Sher, G. M.
  • Shin, Dong Hoon
  • Shinde, Vasant
  • Shirataki, Junko
  • Shirvalkar, Prabodh
  • Sidoti, Giancarlo
  • Singh, Ajit
  • Singh, Ravindra N.
  • Sinha, Rajiv
  • Sinha, Sitabhra
  • Siviero, Anna
  • Smith, Monica L.
  • Solanki, Hiren
  • Sonawane, V. H.
  • Spataro, Michela
  • Spate, Michael
  • Starnini, Elisabetta
  • Strolin, Laura
  • Sucuoglu, Can
  • Sugandhi, Namita S.
  • Suryanarayan, Akshyeta
  • Tengberg, Margareta
  • Thirumalai, Kaustubh
  • Thomsen, Kristina J.
  • Thornton, Christopher P.
  • Tombret, Olivier
  • Tosi, M.
  • Toyoma, Kanac
  • Tufail, Kaiser
  • Turner, A. Keith
  • Uesugi, Akinori
  • Vahia, Mayank
  • Valentine, Benjamin
  • Varma, Supriya
  • Veesar, G. Mohiuddin
  • Verardi, Giovanni
  • Vermaak, Petrus S.
  • Vidale, Massimo
  • Villanueva, Joan
  • Villasana, Isabell
  • Vreeze, Michel de
  • Waele, An De
  • Waghmare, Pranjali
  • Walker, Joanna R.
  • Wankowski, Jacek
  • Weber, Steve
  • Weeks, Lloyd
  • Williams, Kimberly D.
  • Woo, Eun Jin
  • Wright, Rita P.
  • Xu, Huifang
  • Yadav, Nisha
  • Yadav, Yogesh
  • Yamahana, Kyoko
  • Yatoo, Mumtaz
  • Zahir, Muhammad
  • Zazzo, Antoine
  • Zhang, Guilin
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