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Seals

Articles on seals, cylinders, and their inscriptions from the ancient Harappan or Indus Valley Civilization.

Indus Seals and Glyptic Studies: An Overview

Asko Parpola

A proof of this upcoming survey article by the dean of Indus script scholarship, Asko Parpola, is now available on Academia.edu; it will be published in the highly anticipated Seals and Sealing in the Ancient World (Cambridge, 2018). >

Fish Symbolism in Indus Valley Epigraphy and Protohistoric Accounts

Shamashis Sengupta

The writer, who teaches at CNRS/Université Paris-Saclay in France, has come up with a paper rich in historical and epigraphical associations that complexify and simplify thinking about one of the most important signs on Indus seals, "nearly ten percent of all textual matter." >

Potential Steatite Sources for the Indus Civilization

Randall Law

Steatite (soapstone) artifacts have been found at nearly every excavated Harappan period (2600-1900 BC) site and were the primary element used to make seals. >

The Sincerest Form of Flattery? Terracotta Seals as Evidence of Imitation and Agency in Bronze Age Middle Asia

Marta Ameri

The Indus civilization is in so many ways a puzzle wrapped in another puzzle. One of the most challenging with respect to seals are the terracotta seals of the adjacent and contemporaneous Ahar Banas culture. >

Inscribed Unicorn Seals from Bagasra, Gujarat: A Comparative Analysis of Morphology, Carving Styles, and Distribution Patterns

Gregg M. Jamison

The substantial article examines seven inscribed unicorn steatite seals from the Indus site of Bagasra (Gola Dhoro), in Gujarat. These seals are important for understanding the craft industry of the Indus Civilization. >

Early Developments of Art, Symbol and Technology in the Indus Valley Tradition

Jonathan Mark Kenoyer

Archaeologists studying the emergence of early civilizations often focus on finely crafted art objects in order to understand the aspects of economic, socio-political and religious organization. The importance of such objects is increased when studying early societies for which there are no written records, such as the Indus Valley civilization. >

The Organization of Indus Unicorn Seal Production. A Multi-faceted Investigation of Technology, Skill, and Style

Gregg M. Jamison

Although much about Indus seals remains unknown, the steady application of rigorous, detailed analysis of a kind that earlier excavators could hardly dream of is slowly yielding clues and insights into the organization of work and craft in Indus cities. >

The Story of an Ancient Dock: Lothal in the History of the Indian Ocean

  • Lothal Dockyard
Shereen Ratnagar

Shereen Ratnagar writes with a crystalline, no-nonsense intelligence about Lothal and its famous "dockyard" in a way that both uplifts and contextualizes this strange feature of a relatively small Harappan site. >

Inscribed Objects from Harappa Excavations 1986-2007

Jonathan Mark Kenoyer

The assemblage of inscribed and incised objects discovered at the site of Harappa during excavations conducted between 1986–2007 by the Harappa Archaeological Research Project (HARP). >

Toponyms, Directions and Tribal Names in the Indus Script

Iravatham Mahadevan

A recent paper by the late Iravatham Mahadevan and his collaborator M.V. Bhaskar looks at signs in the Indus script that can be related to physical features in the landscape, and how this might play out in terms of interpreting them. A number of interpretations seem to fit together nicely. >

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Intaglio seal with script and unicorn
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  • Alam, Iqtedar
  • Khan, F. A.
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  • Ameri, Marta
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  • Chakrabarti, Dilip K.
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  • Esposti, Michele Degli
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  • Fuller, Dorian Q.
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