The Ravi Phase: A New Cultural Manifestation at Harappa

Bone tools from the Ravi Phase levels at Harappa ( c. 3300-2800 BC) include projectile points (top three objects), a bone awl that may have been used for making basketry (middle) and polished rib fragments that may have been used in weaving. The perforated bone piece may have been used for separating strands of thread during spinning or weaving.

Since 1986, each season of excavations at the site of Harappa has provided new perspectives on the nature of the settlement and on its growth and development (Dales & Kenoyer 1991; Kenoyer 1991; Meadow 1991; Meadow & Kenoyer 1993, 1997). Study of the excavated material combined with radiocarbon dates has made it possible to present a detailed chronology for the site (Table 1) and a more precise breakdown of the types of artifacts and architectural traditions associated with each major occupational period.