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Ancient Indus questions answered by Dr. Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, who teaches at the University of Wisconsin, Madison and is Co-Director of HARP (the Harappan Archaeological Research Project), author of Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization and The Ancient South Asian World. He has numerous articles on this website, and the slideshows Around the Indus in 90 Slides, and Around the Indus in 90 Slides 2 among others.

82. Have the remains of a marketplace or shop been found at any of the Indus sites?

Dennys Frenez
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Massimo Vidale
Randall Law
Rita P. Wright

Are there any structural remains in any of the Harappan sites to point to a marketplace or shop where goods were bought and sold? What do scholars have to say about the market system in those days, apart from the well-known theory of goods being stored in a storehouse and taken by boats for trade?

Asked by Biswajeet Rath

Meluhha: the Indus Civilization and Its Contacts with Mesopotamia

Dr. Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
56:00
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer

A lecture by Dr. Jonathan Mark Kenoyer which examines and analyzes a variety of artifacts from the Indus Valley people . >

84. Is it possible for cotton used by the Indus Valley Civilization to preserved still after all these years?

Gwen Robbins Schug
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Massimo Vidale
Rita P. Wright

For arguments sake if we assume the people of IVC wrote manuscripts in such mediums as cotton, is it possible for those manuscripts to be still preserved? If so, under what conditions, would they be preserved?

52. When did the Indus Valley Civilization start?

Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Mayank Vahia
Nisha Yadav
Paolo Biagi

Answer to question 52. from our panel of leading ancient Indus archaeologists.

87. Is there any indication of slavery or ritual human sacrifice in the IVC?

Gwen Robbins Schug
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Rita P. Wright

Gwen Robbins Schug, Jonathan Mark Kenoyer and Rita P. Wright answer.

53. What is meant by the "Sorath Harappan"?

Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Massimo Vidale

Another answer to a question from you by our panel of leading Indus archaeologists.

91. How can we justify stating that the citadel area was exclusively for a higher class or category of people?

Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Massimo Vidale

Massimo Vidale and Mark Kenoyer respond.

54. What was used to bind bricks and is there any similarity with ancient brick structures elsewhere in India?

Jonathan Mark Kenoyer

Another answer to a question from you by our panel of leading Indus archaeologists.

93. Why do some people call Harappan civilization the "steatite civilization"?

Dennys Frenez
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Massimo Vidale
Nisha Yadav

And what exactly is steatite?

Dennys Frenez, Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, Nisha Yadav and Massimo Vidale respond.

55. What material was used to suspend the beads/pendants etc.?

Dennys Frenez
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer

Another answer to a question from you by our panel of leading Indus archaeologists.

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  • Asko Parpola
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  • Jane McIntosh
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  • Shereen Ratnagar
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