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Modern views of ancient Indus Valley sites.

Hawkes Bay, near Karachi

Near-shore fishing requires the use of boats and larger, stronger nets than the inshore fisheries. The Baluchi boats are stylistically different from the Sindhi boats. Abdur Rheman Goth, the Baluch village where I lived, is surrounded by Sindhi vill… >

Sunset over Hawkes Bay

Fishing and trolling often continues up until sunset. I would like to thank the various fisherfolk in Baluchistan, Sindh and Punjab provinces that have allowed me to intrude in their lives. By inviting me into their homes and allowing me to study th… >

Indus River at Mohenjo-daro

  • Indus River at Mohenjo-daro

Rice fields almost ready for the fall (kharif) harvest reach to the edges of the Indus River near Mohenjo-daro. The flood plain on the far side of the river is covered by a vast scrub forest that would have supplied the ancient inhabitants with fire… >

Boat being hauled ashore

Every morning many boats are hauled down into the water with help from other fishermen waiting to get to their boats. This is an extremely cooperative move by all the fisherfolk within the village. Every evening these boats are hauled back up. This … >

Modern Harappa Granary

A good counter example to "Great Granary" having been used to store grain is this actual granary popular in the villages surrounding Harappa. Grain is stored in earthen structures, and accessed as needed through a re-sealable hole at the bottom. >

Sailboat in Karachi bay

The coast of Sindh and Makran have many sheltered bays and ancient Harappan sites have been located along the coast to the border of modern Iran. These coastal settlements were involved in fishing and trading, using the monsoon winds to travel back … >

Kids in Mohenjo-daro

These two local boys decided to hang out in the ancient city after delivering a pot of milk to their father who is one of the site watchmen. The distinctive decorated hat worn by the older boy is worn throughout Sindh province in Pakistan. >

Fishing boat

Traditionally, boats used a lateen (triangular) sail. However, now the primarily means of locomotion is the side-mounted motor-propeller system. Trolling operations are time-consuming and the boat is driven back and forth within a relatively confine… >

Modern town of Harappa

In the distance, the modern town of Harappa survives on another set of mounds. During ancient times they were separated from Mound AB in the foreground by a river channel. Archaeologists suspect that those mounds were also first settled in ancient t… >

Chitral Valley

The aromatic cedar or deodar growing in Chitral valley is still used to make houses and coffins, following a tradition that dates back to the first Indus cities. Beyond the snow capped mountains in the background is the region of Badakhshan, Afghani… >

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