Aerial View of Mundigak
"Jean-Marie [Casal] pointed. 'There in front you see Siah Sang Pass—that is, Black Stone Pass.'
"We had turned north towards a line of low, black mountains splashed with one white patch.
Items related to the history of excavations at ancient Indus Civilization sites.
Charles Masson's Harappa
Above: View of Jelalabad [Afghanistan] from the South, Frontispiece to Narrative by Charles Masson (1842)
Charles Masson was a deserter from the East India Company's Bengal Artillery.
Excavation Site
It was one of 388 unicorn seals found during the excavations in Mohenjo-daro led by the British archaeologist Ernest Mackay between 1927 and 1931. Mackay dated the seal to the late Period IB, or approximately 2,000 B.C
Harappa in the 1820s
Above: Animal on Burial Jar from Harappa
"A long march preceded our arrival at Haripah, through jangal of the closest description.
Kalat in the 1820s
"Kalat, the capital of Balochistan, and the residence of the khan, is but a small town, seated on the eastern acclivity of a spur from the hill called Shah Mirdan.
"It is in form oblong, and surrounded by a crenated wall of mud, chiefly of moderate
Brahuis in the 1820s
Above: Gohar Basta, or Cyclopean Vestige [Baluchistan] Wood Engraving from a drawing by Charles Masson (1842)
"The ziarat on the crest of Chehel Tan is one of great veneration among the Brahui tribes, and I may be excused, perhaps, for preserving
Mundigak Palace II
"We must therefore consider the ‘ramparts’ as monumental structures in much the same way as the ‘palace’ and ‘temple’ are, part of an overall monumentalisation of Mundigak that marks Period IV.
Mound E Tunnelling by Villagers + Map
In addition to the excavations at Mound F and Mound AB, Daya Ram Sahni had this photograph taken in 1921 of Mound E [Map, Image 2 above, although this is not considered very accurate today]. Sahni noted in another area how extensively the site had