Pipal leaf impression
The impressions of a pipal leaf found in the upper clay levels of the drain (shown here with a modern pipal leaf) indicate that what many think was a sacred tree even at that time was growing in the ancient city of Harappa.
The Central Area of Mound A/AB, Harappa
The central area of Mound A/AB was continuosly rebuilt in ancient times. Behind the curved wall is a well and below it what may have been a public bathing area.
Large Drain, Mound AB, Harappa
The foreground well is only one of eight wells, public and private, that have thus far been discovered at Harappa. Most of the water used by the population probably came from the adjacent Ravi River.
Indus Valley Street with Covered Drain
Indus Valley Street with covered drain on the right, Mohenjo-daro, Sindh.
Mound ET Gateway with corbeled drain, Harappa
Mound ET Southern Gateway excavated in 1995 with corbeled drain (3-D reconstruction and artist's conception).
Corbeled drain and Mound ET gateway, Harappa
Corbeled drain at Mound ET gateway (3-D reconstruction and artist's conception).
Storm Water Drain, Dholavira
A water management system using storm water drainage. The storm water drain in the picture is located in the citadel and connected to an arterial one on the south of the Citadel.
Lothal Drainage system
An elaborate sanitary and drainage system, a hallmark of ancient Indus cities, is in evidence everywhere at Lothal.
Lothal: Sanitary drainage at the acropolis
The most unique aspect of planning during the Indus Valley civilization was the system of underground drainage. The main sewer, 1.5 meters deep and 91 cm across, connected to many north-south and east-west sewers.
Drain, Harappa
Excavated by the Harappa Archaeological Research Project in 1993, this large corbelled drain was built in the middle of an abandoned gateway at Harappa to dispose of rainwater and sewage.