Sir John Marshall was a prominent British archaeologist and scholar who focused on the archaeology India and the Indus Valley site - Mohenjo-daro.

Male god, the prototype of the historic Siva

[Original 1931 text] "There appears at Mohenjo-daro a male god, who is recognizable at once as a prototype of the historic Siva. He is strikingly portrayed on the roughly carved seal [above], which has recently been brought to light by Mr. Mackay." … >

Terminal Signs

These are the five most common terminal signs on the Indus Valley seals according to Iravatham Mahadevan's analysis (1982:316). The first sign (from the left), the most common in the Indus script (10% of all known signs), is read by him as denoti… >

Rectangular Seals

Photographed between 1922-27 and published in Sir John Marshall, Mohenjodaro and The Indus Civilization (1931). >

Terminal Sign

Iravatham Mahadevan believes that the terminal sign used here is actually a combination of two signs. The bottom part (figure carrying) denotes a bearer of office. The top represents a jar, which is related to priestly duties in early historical Ind… >

Mythological Creatures and Plant Forms Seals

[Original 1931 text] "The three-headed beast on seal 382 appears to be a composite of three animals. The heads and horns seem to be those of antelopes and the body of a unicorn. The heads have been joined to the body very carefully. One is eating, t… >

Southern Buildings in course of excavation, from south-west

[Original 1931 text] "A considerable number of buildings separated from each other by streets and lanes have been excavated in the southern portion of the stupa mound . . .. The terrain here descends more or less abruptly to the south, where a narro… >

Indus Household objects. Flint Implements, Weights

[Original 1931 text] "The flint implements found at Mohenjo-daro are of the simplest description, most of them being long flakes that were probably used for cutting up meat and for other household purposes. Both the flakes and cores from which they … >