Period II Cultural Stratigraphy
Period 2 deposits represent a transition phase between pre urban and urban phases and exist primarily beneath Mound E.
Harappa, Punjab ancient Indus civilization excavations, figurines, seals and other objects.
Mysterious circular platforms, Harappa
Between Mound AB and Mound F are a number of mysterious circular platforms, originally inside houses and small courtyards.
Ravi Phase Floor
Excavations in Trench 39 South 1996 uncovered the floor of a house dating to the Ravi Phase (circa 3100 BCE). Many complete vessels were found sitting on the floor along with broken necklaces, bone and stone tools, spindle whorls and bangles made of
A small faience ram amulet
A small faience ram amulet recovered from the fill associated with the southwestern edge of the "granary" platform. (Trench 41SW, H97-3434/7650-01, Length = 21.8 mm)
Protecting mud brick walls
After mapping and photography, the fragile mud brick walls of Trench 54 are covered with a protective layer of burlap and sifted soil to form a sacrificial layer in which dissolved salts can dry and crystallize without damaging the ancient walls.
Female figurine with a double volute headdress from Harappa
The "cones" that often decorate figurine headdresses may be reproductions of the small gold cones that have been found at Indus Civilization sites. Similar small gold cones are still used as hair ornaments in South Asia.
Approximate dimensions (W x
Earthern Stone Jar from Harappa
TAPERING AT THE BASE: A PREHISTORIC EARTHERN STORE JAR FROM HARAPPA (WITH A TWO-FOOT RULE BESIDE IT).
Microscopic analysis of bead drill hole
Scanning electron microscope photos of a molded impression of the drill hole indicate that the amazonite bead (8) was drilled with a tapered chert or jasper drill.
Period IIIA Cultural Stratigraphy
Period 3A deposits, representing an early urban phase, exist beneath Mounds E and also show expansion onto the area beneath Mound AB. Growth in the city of Harappa is shown to be both lateral and vertical.
Chest of a Figurine
"This object is actually part of a composite figurine of a gharial, the narrow snouted crocodile that used to live in the local rivers and ox-bow lakes. The animal is commonly depicted on terracotta and steatite tablets and on intaglio seals.