Robbed brick wall and room
The excavations of the lower slope area of Trench 54 South revealed a robbed brick wall void filled with rubble (foreground) and a room filled with manufacturing debris from faience and steatite working.
HARP (Harappa Archaeological Research Project) a group of scholars from a variety of fields dedicated to advancing the study of the ancient Indus Valley civilization.
Ringstone in Harappa town
This Harappa phase ringstone was originally found many years ago while local residents were digging a well in Harappa town. After some time it ended up at a house in Harappa town where it eventually became buried in the courtyard.
City Wall
The curving line of the mud brick city wall at the eastern edge of Mound E rose high above the level of an ancient street that followed the exterior of the wall.
Drawing of black steatite wig
Drawing of black steatite wig from Trench 43 (see image 54).
Highly trained excavators
Mohammad Shamoon (black turban) and Abdul Sattar (flowered turban) are highly trained excavators who have worked with the Harappa project since 1986. Here they are carefully uncovering manufacturing debris in Trench 54 South.
Cleaning the complete ringstone
Excavation assistant Abdul Jabbar from Harappa town begins cleaning the ringstone after excavation.
Indus steatite tablets
Fragile steatite tablets are exposed under the skilled hands of trained excavators using small pointed bamboo sticks and brushes.
Carrying the complete ringstone
Laboratory assistants Mohammad Naim, Shokat Ali, Said Ahmed, and Mukthar Massih carry the cleaned and conserved ringstone to the Harappa Museum for display.
Sixteen three sided tablets
Sixteen three sided tablets (c. 2300 BCE) with incised inscription on each face were found all together in the debris that had been dumped over the curtain wall (54). On one of the three sides is an inscription that is identical to the last two signs
Electron Microscope analysis
Scanning Electron Microscope analysis of the incising marks on the steatite tablets indicates the use of three different specialized bronze graving tools (see 58). Each tablet was first shaped from raw unfired steatite and then incised with the